虚拟肝脏外科的临床应用进展

摘要：Three-dimensional modeling of the liver using CT scan or MRI data improves surgical planning.Threedimensional simulation of hepatectomy facilitates intraoperative identification of the vascular anatomy and control of the hepatic blood flew,and accurately predicts the volume of liver to be resected and surgical margins.Preoperative virtual hepatectomy might be useful not only to facilitate laparoscopic hepatectomy but also to improve therapeutic efficacy. A virtual navigation system enables users to revert to previously recorded digital imaging data at any time during radiofrequency ablation procedures.The spatial information gained from three-dimensional imaging facilitates an appropriate needle path to the target and projects the intended ablation area in three dimenisions.The safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation assisted by this navigation system may substantially improve as it is used in clinical practice. Augmented reality superimposes the preoperative threedimensional liver model onto the real intraoperative view of the patient.Augmented reality provides surgeons with a transparent view of the liver and guides surgeons by providing virtual augmentation of their real surgical tools.These virtally augmented tools are tracked in real-time during the procedure,thereby optimizing therapy.